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Allah Is Known Through Reason
DATE: 04/22/2007 15:18:27 / MOOD: General
Take a look around you from where you sit. You will notice that everything in the room is ‘made’: the walls, the upholstery, the ceiling, the chair where you sit, the book you hold in your hand, the glass on the table and countless other details. None of them happen to exist in your room of their own accord. Even the simple loops of the carpet were made by someone: they did not appear spontaneously or by chance.A person who is about to read a book knows that it has been written by an author for a specific reason. It would not even occur to him that this book might have come into being by chance. In the same manner, a person who sees a sculpture has no doubt whatsoever that it was made by a sculptor. And not just works of art: even a few bricks resting on top of one another make one think that they must have been brought to rest just so by someone within a certain plan. Therefore, everywhere where there is an order – either small or big – a founder and protector of this order must also exist. If, one day, somebody came forward and said that raw iron and coal came together to form steel by chance, which in turn constructed the Eiffel Tower again by chance, would not he and those who believed him be regarded as insane?The claim of the theory of evolution, the unique method of denying the existence of a'allaah, is no different than this. According to the theory, inorganic molecules formed amino acids by chance, amino acids formed proteins by chance, and finally proteins formed living creatures again by chance. However, the probability of a living creature being formed by coincidence is less than the probability of the Eiffel Tower being formed in the same manner, because even the simplest human cell is more sophisticated than any man-made structure in the world.How is it possible to think that the balance in the world came about by coincidence when the extraordinary harmony of nature is observable even with the naked eye? It is the most unreasonable claim to say that the universe, each point of which suggests the existence of its Creator, has come into being on its own.Therefore, there should be an owner of the balance visible everywhere from our body to the farthest corners of the inconceivably vast universe. So, who is this Creator that ordained everything so subtly and created all?He cannot be any material being present within the universe, because His must be a will that existed before the universe and created the universe thereupon. The Almighty Creator is One Whom everything finds existence, yet Whose existence is without any beginning or end.Religion teaches us the identity of our Creator Whose existence we discover with our reason. Through what He has revealed to us as religion, we know that He is a'allaah, the Compassionate and the Merciful, Who created the heavens and the earth from nothing.Although most people have the capability to grasp this fact, they spend their lives unaware of it. When they look at a landscape painting, they wonder who its painter is. Later, they praise the artist at length for his beautiful work of art. Despite the fact that they face numerous originals of that painting the moment they turn around, they still disregard the existence of a'allaah, Who is the only owner of all these beauties. In truth, not even a lengthy research is needed to understand the existence of a'allaah. Even if one had to live in a room from the time he was born, countless pieces of evidence in this room alone would be enough for him to grasp the existence of a'allaah.The human body so overflows with evidence that it could not be contained in many multi-volumed encyclopaedias. Even giving a few minutes of conscientious thought to it all is enough to understand the existence of a'allaah. The present order is protected by a'allaah and maintained by Him.The human body is not the only food for thought. Life abides in every square millimetre of the earth, be it observable by men or not. The world overflows with many living beings, from unicellular organisms to plants, from insects to sea animals, and from birds to human beings. If you take a handful of soil and look at it, even therein you can discover manifold living creatures with diverse characteristics. The same is true also for the air you breathe. Even on your skin, there are many living creatures whose names are unknown to you. In the intestines of all living beings are millions of bacteria or unicellular organisms that help digestion. The animal population in the world is many times greater than the human population. When we also consider the plant world, we see that there is not a single spot on the earth where there is no life. All of these creatures that are spread over an area of millions of square kilometres have different body systems, different lives and different contributions to the ecological balance. It is preposterous to claim that all these have come into existence by chance with no aim or purpose. No living being has come to exist through its own accord or effort. No coincidental happening can ever result in such complicated systems. All of this evidence leads us to the conclusion that the universe works with a certain ‘consciousness’. What, then, is the source of this consciousness? Surely it is neither the living nor the non-living beings in it. Nor can they be the ones that maintain the harmony and preserve the order. The existence and glory of a'allaah reveals itself in countless proofs in the universe. In fact, there is not even a single man on the earth who will not accept this evident reality from the heart. Yet they still deny it ‘in iniquity and arrogance though their souls are convinced thereof’ as stated in the Quraan. (Surat an-Naml, 14)This book is written to point out this reality from which some people turn away because of its being at odds with their interests, and also to disclose the frauds and senseless deductions on which some untrue allegations stand. This is why many diverse subjects are tackled in the book.
Those who read this book will once more see the indisputable evidence of a'allaah's existence and witness that a'allaah's existence encompasses all things: the ‘reason’ knows this. Just as He has created this all-pervading order, He is the One Who also maintains it incessantly
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OUR MESSENGERS SAY
DATE: 04/21/2007 16:27:15 / MOOD: General
To every nation that has passed on, A'allaah sent a messenger who summoned them to His true path. Messengers are those who communicate the existence and oneness of A'allaah, spread His religion, and inform them about what A'allaah demands from them, in other words, things that they should do and things that they should abstain from. They also warn them against the punishment of Hell and give them the glad tidings of Paradise.The lives and struggles of the messengers are abundant in lessons for believers who think and are inclined to learn from them. In the Quraan, A'allaah describes in detail the subjects they communicated to their peoples, the methods they employed to persuade them and many other aspects of the messengers themselves. There is instruction in their stories for people of intelligence... (Surah Yusuf, 111) Believers should not differentiate between any of the messengers and should take their virtuous manners and behaviors described in the Quraan as their model. They should follow their advice, and act on it and hold in very high regard their warnings. Again, in accordance with A'allaah's command, the Prophet (ssalla A'allaah a'allayhy wasalam) revealed that we should not discriminate between the prophets sent by A'allaah, and in one hadith, said, “Don't give superiority to any prophet amongst A'allaah's prophets.” (Sahih Bukhari)That is because A'allaah narrates the stories of these distinguished servants of His in the Quraan not merely as historical facts, but also in order to encourage believers to reflect on, and pay heed to these superior people so that they may take them as their models.The stories and actions of the messengers as described in the Quraan contain examples and lessons for believers. This is a fact that is particularly stated in the Quraan. For instance, it is stated that there is a good example for the believers to follow in Ibrahim (a'allayhi essallam), and those who adhered to him and their exemplary attitudes are described in the following verses: You have an excellent example in Ibrahim and those who followed him, when they said to their people, “We washout hands of you and all that you worship apart from A'allaah, and we reject you. Between us and you there will be enmity and hatred for ever unless you believe in A'allaah alone.” But do not emulate Ibrahim’s words to his father: “I will ask forgiveness for you, but I have no power to help you in any way against A'allaah.” “Our Lord, we have put our trust in You and have repented to You. You are our final destination. Our Lord, do not make us a target for those who disbelieve. Forgive us, our Lord; You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.” There is an excellent example in them for you to follow, that is for those whose hope is in A'allaah and the Last Day. But if anyone turns away, he shall know that A'allaah is the Rich Beyond Need, the Praiseworthy. (Surah Mumtahana, 4-6)In the same way, all other messengers are also chosen servants of A'allaah; they should be taken as models by the believers in every respect. Those who believe make no distinction between any of the messengers and believe in what has been revealed to each of them. This is a command of A'allaah which should be carried out meticulously as all other commands: Say, “We believe in A'allaah and what has been sent down to us and what was sent down to Ibrahim and Isma‘il and Ishaq and Ya‘qub and the tribes, and what Musa and ‘Isa were given, and what all the prophets were given by their Lord. We do not differentiate between any of them. We are Muslims who have submitted to Him.” (Surat al-Baqara, 136) All messengers have called people to accept the true religion and the most upright way. This call, as well as being for their peoples, is also for us. The basic religious and moral facts that they all invited others to accept, and the characteristics of virtue that they displayed should be followed and taken as a model buys too as in ages past.As a matter of fact, A'allaah sets forth in the Quraan the facts which messengers have invited their people to accept, and provides detailed account of the excellent character traits they possessed. He commanded all believers in the personality of our Prophet (ssalla A'allaah a'allayhy wasalam) to submit themselves to the true path: They are the ones to whom We gave the Book, judgment and prophethood. If these people reject it, We shall entrust it to others who will not. They are the ones A'allaah has guided, so be guided by their guidance. Say, “I do notIntroduction13ask you for any wage for it. It [the Quraan] is simply an admonition to all mankind.” (Surat al-An'am, 89-90)
That being so, the responsibility of believers is to give careful consideration to the life stories of messengers related in the Quraan, and make their best efforts to follow the path they indicate, and comply with their admonitions and warnings. The purpose of this book is to assist such efforts on the part of believers
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Hopefulness in the Quraan
DATE: 04/21/2007 16:19:59 / MOOD: General
Consider two different people, two next-door neighbors, for instance, who live under the same conditions. Let's say that the same terrible event befalls both of them: A burglar has stolen their valuables. Let's assume that one of the homeowners has faith in A'allaah, and that the other has gotten carried away with the ambitions of this world and forgotten the hereafter…The unbeliever has worked his whole life and so was able to buy a number of valuables. For him, nothing is more important than these valuables, for he or she has based his whole life, aspirations, and expectations upon them. But now, having lost all of them quite suddenly, he thinks that his life has been for nothing, that his efforts have been wasted. Becoming engulfed in a continual spiritual state of pessimism and complaint, he complains to everybody. In fact, some people in this situation may even cry for days and become sick, or display constant irritability and hurt those around them. Sometimes they will withdraw into themselves suddenly, trying to make those around them partners to their helplessness and sorrow. With the loss of a few valuables, their entire life has, in their own words, been "turned upside down." But the believer does not experience any of this. In contrast to the screaming and wailing from next door, an utmost calm and peaceful atmosphere prevails in his or her house. He does not succumb to the slightest sadness or negativity, and manages to maintain his uninterrupted submission to A'allaah, as well as his balanced and happy state of mind.He can do this because just as he knows that the One Who gave him these valuables is A'allaah, he also knows that it is A'allaah Who takes them back. Realizing that this event must contain some good, he is at peace. Never enslaved to his worldly passions only thus falling into despair, he remains hopeful that A'allaah will give him more beautiful and better things in both this world and the hereafter. Such events do not cause Muslims to fall into a sense of hopelessness. On the contrary, such situations only cause their submission to A'allaah to increase, and they experience the happiness and peace of being thankful to Him regardless of their present circumstances. Since they know that A'allaah is testing them, they ask Him for that which benefits them.Even if they have lost everything, believers can start fresh without the slightest feeling of hopelessness, and with patience and enthusiasm. Their enthusiasm arises from their faith, their trust in and love for A'allaah, their Quraanic morals, and their certain realization of this world's transience. This optimistic attitude toward the future, this habit of always looking on the bright side, shows up in all of the events faced by believers throughout their lives. No matter how difficult their situation, believers always display maturity, moderation, fortitude, and strength. They never compromise on matters affecting their dignity, integrity, or respect; nor do they display any of the unbelievers' attitudes or character disorders. Thus they are beautiful models for all people everywhere. Their most distinctive characteristic in such situations is their continual hope. This is important, because A'allaah does not favor hopelessness, and because the Quraan says that a lack of hope is a characteristic of unbelievers. Losing hope in A'allaah's help, mercy, and forgiveness is an ugly action, one that the Quraan has forbidden. As a result of their hopeful spiritual state, each believer lives a peaceful and happy life, whereas those who do not submit to A'allaah are forever hopeless, anxious, and worried. As a result, each unbeliever lives in dismay, sadness, and distress.Most people fall into despair when they do not get what they want, lose something, or when some unexpected dreadful event befalls them. Moreover, it does not even occur to them to hope to be forgiven in the hereafter, to be freed from Hellfire, or to enter Paradise. In fact, because they do not have a sound and Quraanic understanding of the afterlife, they do not even know what it means to hope for Paradise. All of this is a result of being ignorant of the Quraan and of following a different path from the straight one shown therein. Every negative event that befalls such people in their perpetually confused and turbulent lives causes them sadness and pessimism. Unaware of the Divine wisdom, advice, and counsel that the believers gain through the Quraan, they listen to Satan's whisperings and so become enslaved by infinite anxiety, conjecture, and worry. They face the material and spiritual consequences, in both this world and the next, of turning their backs on the Quraan that was sent to them.
This book provides an important opportunity for those who have lived far from the Quraan to leave their familiar distorted attitudes and mindsets and be reunited with the happiness of this world and the next. As for those who already believe and follow the Quraan, it is an advice, a reminder and an encouragement for them to understand it better
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Meanings of the Holy Quran
DATE: 04/21/2007 16:16:17 / MOOD: General
A'allaah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. Neither slumber nor sleep overtaketh Him. Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth. Who is he that intercedeth with Him save by His leave? He knoweth that which is in front of them and that which is behind them, while they encompass nothing of His knowledge save what He will. His throne includeth the heavens and the earth, and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime, the Tremendous
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Introduction To An-Nawawis Forty Hadiths
DATE: 04/21/2007 06:47:56 / MOOD: General
In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate "And take that which the Messenger has brought you" (the Holy Quran)Translation of Imam An-Nawawi's Forty Hadiths
Actions are judged by intentions
Islam, Iman, Ihsan, Qadar
The five pillars of Islam
Creation of human being; Al-Qadar
Ibadah & Bida'ah (Innovation)
Purification of the heart
Nasihah
< FONT face=helvetica color=#9933ff size=5> The concept of Jihad
How are obligations to be fulfilled?
Being pure (at-Tayyib)
Avoiding doubtful acts
& nbsp; Being concerned with beneficial matters
& nbsp; The obligation of loving all Muslims
& nbsp; The value of human life
& nbsp; Good manners in speech; behaviour of Muslims towards neighbours/guests
& nbsp; Restraining oneself from anger
& nbsp; The concept of Ihsan
& nbsp; The concept of Taqwa
Allah's Protection
& nbsp; The concept of Al-Haya' (modesty)
The concept of Istiqamah
Deeds that lead to Paradise I
How to free oneself
Prohibition of injustice and oppression; seeking Allah's Guidance
Charitable acts I
& nbsp; Charitable acts II
Internal Controlling System
Adhering to the Sunnah
& nbsp; Deeds that lead to Paradise II
& nbsp; Transgressing the limits
& nbsp; The concept of Al-Zuhd (asceticism) in Islam
Not causing harm
& nbsp; The plaintiff and the defendant
& nbsp; The concept of Al-Amr bil-Ma'ruf wan-Nahiu 'anil-Munkar (Enjoining what is good and discouraging what is evil)
& nbsp; Evil acts that spoil brotherhood
& nbsp; The significance of fulfilling the needs of a Muslim
& nbsp; How deeds are recorded
& nbsp; The concept of Wilayah (the closer servants of Allah)
& nbsp; What is pardoned for this ummah
& nbsp; The Muslim's attitude towards the worldly life
& nbsp; Desires to be subservient to Revelation
& nbsp; Seeking Allah's Forgiveness This is the book of the Islamic scholar Yahia bin Sharaful-Deen An-Nawawi . The book is now known as "An-Nawawi's Forty Hadiths". This is a popular small book in which the author gathered forty two of the sayings of prophet Muhammed salla Allah u alihi wa sallam .
Introduction Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. Eternal Guardian of the heavens and the earths, Disposer of all created beings, Despatcher of Messengers (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them all) who were sent to those they have been entrusted to guide and to reveal the religious laws to, with positive signs and clear-cut proofs. I praise Him for His favours and ask Him to increase His grace and generosity. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, He having no associate, the One, the Subduer, the Generous, the Pardoner, and I bear witness that our master Muhammed is His servant and His messenger, His dear one and His beloved, the best of created beings, who was honoured with the precious Quran, the enduring miracle through the passing of the years, and with the sunnahs that enlighten spiritual guides; our master Muhammed, singled out for pithiness of speech and tolerance in religion may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him, upon the rest of the prophets and messengers, and upon all their families and upon the rest of godly persons. To proceed: It has been transmitted to us on the authority of Ali bin Abi Talib, Abdullah bin Masud, Muadh bin Jabal, Abu Al-Darda, Ibn Omar, Ibn Abbas, Anas bin Malik, Abu Hurairah and Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with them all, through many chains of authorities and in various versions, that the messenger of Allah said: "Whosoever memorises and preserves for my people forty hadith relating to their religion, Allah will resurrect him on the Day of Judgment in the company of jurists and religious scholars ". In another version it reads: "Allah will resurrect him as a jurist and religious scholar ". In the version of Abu Al-Darda it reads: "On the Day of Judgment I shall be an intercessor and a witness for him". In the version of Ibn Masud it reads: "It will be said to him: Enter by whichever of the doors of Paradise you wish ". In the version of Ibn Omar it reads: " He will be written down in the company of the religious scholars and will be resurrected in the company of the martyrs ". Scholars of hadith are agreed that it is a weak hadith despite its many lines of transmission. The religious scholars, may Allah be pleased with them, have composed innumerable works in this field. The first one I knew of who did so was Abdullah bin Al-Mubarak, followed by Ibn Aslam Al-Tusi, the godly scholar, then Al-Hasan bin Sufiyan Al-Nasai, Abu Bakr Al-Ajurri, Abu-Bakr Mubammad bin Ibrahim Al-Asfihani, Al-Daraqutni, Al-Hakim, Abu Nuaim, Abu Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sulami, Abu Saeed Al-Malini, Abu Uthman Al-Saboni, Abdullah bin Muhammed Al-Ansari, Abu Bakr Al-Baihaqi, and countless others, both ancient and modern. I have asked Allah Almightly for guidance in bringing together forty hadith in emulation af those eminant religious leaders and guardians of Islam. Religious scholars are agreed it is permissible to put into practice a weak hadith if virtuous deeds are concerned; despite this, I do not rely on this hadith but on his having said the [ following ] sound hadith: "Let him who was a witness among you inform him who was absent" , and on his having said : "May Allah make radiant [the face of] someone who has heard what I have said, has learnt it by heart and has transmitted it as he heard it" . Furthermore, there were some religious scholars who brought together forty hadiths on the basic rules of religion, on subsidiary matters, or on jihad, while others did so on asceticism, on rules of conduct or on sermons. All these are godly aims-may Allah be pleased with those who pursued them. I, however, considered it best to bring together forty hadith more important than all of these, being forty hadith which would incolporate all of these, each hadith being one of the great precepts of religion, described by religious scholars as being "the axis of Islam " or "the half of Islam" or "the third of it ", or the like, and to make it a rule that these forty hadith be [classified as] sound and that the majority of them be in the sahihs of Al-Bukhari and Muslim. I give them without the chains of authorities so as to make it easier to memorise them and to make them of wider benefit if Allah Almighty wills, and I append to them a section explaining abstruse expressions.(Note here) every person wishing to attain the Hereafter should know these hadith because of the important matters they contain and the directions they give in respect of all forms of obedience, this being obvious to anyone who has reflected upon it. On Allah do I rely and depend and to Him do I entrust myself; to Him be praise and grace, and with Him is success and immunity [to errors].
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Call For An Islamic Union
DATE: 04/21/2007 06:41:44 / MOOD: General
The Ottoman Empire's collapse at the beginning of the twentieth century was a defining factor that determined the state of the Islamic world for the rest of the century, for many new countries arose from its ashes. However, none of them ever achieved the same degree of stability and contentment their people enjoyed during the Ottoman era.At the beginning of the twenty-first century, many problems await a solution and many conflicts need to be resolved. The balances destroyed by the Ottoman collapse were never properly restored, and thus hotspots and highly sensitive areas—most of which happen to be in the Islamic world, were created. Some of these problems were overcome by temporary measures, whereas others continue to fuel conflict and tension until today.Most of these conflicts directly affect lands densely populated by Muslims (e.g., Palestine, Kashmir, and others). Furthermore, the increasing assertions about the inevitability of a clash of civilizations, as well as aggressive anti-Muslim propaganda, make the Islamic world a target in the eyes of some circles. This attitude, in turn, causes unnecessary and artificial tension and anxiety in society. Such matters trigger the question as to which strategy the Muslims of the first twenty-first century should adopt.To determine the correct strategy, one must have a very clear understanding of the Islamic world's present condition and situation. At this point, our analysis of the contemporary Islamic world is presented below.Islamic civilization, as represented by the great Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, was the dominant power in central and southern Asia, northern Africa, and southern Europe. The Ottomans ruled a large territory covering the Balkans, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and parts of Arabia and North Africa; the Safavids ruled Persia and some neighboring territories; and the Mughals ruled much of the Indian subcontinent. However, Islam's rule gradually shrank and weakened. First, the Mughal Empire collapsed and thus opened a new era for South Asian Muslims. The heir to the Safavid Empire, the Qajar dynasty, managed to survive until the 1920s, albeit without power or influence. Gradually, these lands came under British and Russian rule. Meanwhile, the Ottoman Empire, which was being weakened by the continuing loss of land and internal turmoil, finally collapsed in the aftermath of the First World War. The collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the largest and most influential state in the Islamic world, led to historical changes in Islamic geography, particularly in the Middle East and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Throughout the twentieth century, the nation-states formed by the invading European powers remained the source of the region's tension and discontent. The Islamic world, which had given rise to great civilizations, began to withdraw into itself. Muslims in the Middle East, as well as in North Africa and South Asia, suffered oppression under colonial rule. Most of these countries managed to gain their independence only in the second half of the twentieth century. The struggle for independence was very bloody in some countries, such as in Algeria. Millions of innocent people perished, and countless people were left crippled by torture and persecution. Even after independence and the colonial powers' withdrawal, these lands have not found peace and security. In short, a great part of the Islamic world spent the twentieth century enduring warfare, conflict, destitution, and abject poverty.However, the world of Islam was not always like this.
The history of the past fourteen centuries reveals an altogether different picture: Humanity's most brilliant cultural and scientific advancements were made possible by Islam. At a time when Europe was still shrouded in darkness, Muslims founded the most amazing civilization on the planet, and Islamic morality illuminated the world.
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المسجد الأقـصـى ::
DATE: 04/21/2007 06:37:39 / MOOD: General
في مقال السابق تناولنا بعض أسرار اسم الأقصى، وما نهدف إليه في هذا المقال أن نلقي الأضواء على مساحة المسجد الأقصى، والذي دفعنا إلى هذا ما يتردد تصحيحاً لأوهام النّاس، بأن الأقصى هو البناء الجنوبي، وليس قبة الصّخرة. وهذا الأسلوب في تصحيح الخطأ يوقع الناس في بلبلة واضطراب، إضافة إلى أنّه يجافي الحقيقة، لأن المسجد الأقصى هو تلك المساحة التي تقارب ال (144) دونما، وهي المساحة المحاطة بحلقة من الأبنية، والتي تشكّل مع السّور حدود المسجد الأقصى. وتشمل هذه المساحة، كما هو معروف، بناء قبة الصّخرة، والبناء الجنوبي، المسمّى بالأقصى. وأية مساحة تضاف مستقبلاً تأخذ حكم المسجد الأقصى.
ومعلوم في التاريخ الإسلامي أنّ عمر بن الخطاب، رضي الله عنه، هو أول من أنشأ بناءً في القسم الجنوبي من الأقصى. أمّا لماذا في أقصى الجنوب، فهذا واضح، لأنّ القبلة هي في الاتجاه الجنوبي من فلسطين، ومعلوم أنّ الإمام يقف في مقدمة المسجد ثم تكون الصفوف من خلفه متكاملة نحو الشمال. وعليه لا لا بد من أن يكون محراب الإمام في أقصى الجنوب، وغير هذا يعني إلغاء جزء من مسجِديّة المسجد. من هنا وجدنا العامّة تسمي البناء الجنوبي بالأقصى، مع علم الجميع بأنّ اسم الأقصى يطلق على الكل، ولا إشكال في إطلاق الاسم على الجزء. وعليه تكون قبة الصّخرة جزءاً لا يتجزأ من الأقصى، وهذا معلوم بداهة. ولكن قد يتوهم من لم يعش في فلسطين أنّ الأقصى ينحصر في قبة الصّخرة، وقد يتوهم آخرون بأن الأقصى ينحصر في البناء الجنوبي.
ولكن هل هناك خصوصية لصخرة بيت المقدس تجعلها متميّزة دينياً على باقي أرجاء المسجد الأقصى ؟
لقد نُسجت حول الصّخرة الأساطير الكثيرة، روجها بعض العلماء قبل أنّ يروجها العامّة. وقد ساعد عدم وجود أحاديث صحيحة حول خصوصية الصّخرة في ذهاب الخيال مذاهب كثيرة، بل لقد اتُخذت الصّخرة في عصور الجهل قبلة في الصلاة، وطاف بها عوام المسلمين كما يطوفون بالكعبة، وتقرّبوا إليها بأنواع القربات، مما جعل العلماء المحققين يجهرون بأنّه لم يصح شيء عن رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ولا عن الصحابة الكرام، يدل على خصوصية الصّخرة، وبالتالي يحرم شرعاً أن تُخَصّ بطواف أو ذبح، ويحرم تعمّد اتخاذها قبلة.
بعد كل ما ذكر يبقى السؤال الكبير الذي يحتاج إلى إجابة مقنعة وهو: إذا لم يكن للصخرة خصوصية بالنسبة إلى باقي المسجد، فلماذا أقام عبد الملك بن مروان هذا البناء البديع، المسمّى قبة الصّخرة؟! ومعلوم أنّ عبد الملك بن مروان هو من التابعين الذين عاصروا الصحابة الكرام، وكان من فقهاء المدينة، ومن هنا نجد أنه قد بادر إلى بناء قبة الصّخرة قبل أن يبدأ ببناء الأقصى الجنوبي. وهذا يدل على معرفته بمقام هذه الصّخرة، ووجود البناء يُغني عن كثير من الكلام، كيف لا والكل يجمع على شخوصها لأكثر من ألف وثلاثمائة وخمسين سنة. فهي الشاهد الماثل في الحس، الذي يُغني عن قيل وقال، كما أغنت الأبنيّة المحددة لساحات المسجد الأقصى عن حاجتنا إلى الأسانيد التي تحدد لنا الأطوال والمساحات، وهذا في علم التاريخ أبلغ من كل الروايات.
لقد دفعت بدع العوام بعض العلماء إلى المبالغة في الرّد، إلى درجة الذهول عن معنى بناء قبة الصّخرة في عصر التابعين المعاصرين للصحابة الكرام، بل إنّ بعض كبار العلماء يذهب به رفضه لبدع العوام إلى أن يقبل الرواية التي زعمت أنّ عبد الملك بن مروان بنى قبة الصّخرة ليصرف الناس عن الكعبة المشرّفة. والغريب أنّهم يقبلون مثل هذه المزاعم من غير أن يطلبوا الدليل على صدق الرواية، وهم يعلمون أنّ أعداء بني أميّة قد أكثروا في ذمّهم، والكذب في حقهم، وللكذب علامات لا تخفى على الباحث.
قال ابن كثير في تفسير الآية 142 من سورة البقرة: " سيقول السفهاء من الناس ما ولاهم عن قبلتهم التي كانوا عليها..". "وحاصل الأمر أنه قد كان رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أُمر باستقبال الصخرة من بيت المقدس… قاله ابن عباس والجمهور". وعليه فإننا نستطيع أن نقدّر بأنّ الصّخرة هي ثاني بيت وضع للناس، ثم اتسعت المساحات من حولها، كما هو في الكعبة أول بيت عَبد فيه الناس رب العالمين. ولنا زيادة على هذا التقدير أدلة قرآنية على أنّ كهف الصّخرة هو كهف أصحاب الكهف، ولعلنا نبسط هذا الأمر في مقام آخر إن شاء الله.
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:: فهـل من مدّكـر ::
DATE: 04/21/2007 06:34:12 / MOOD: General
جاء في الآيتين (137، 138) من سورة الصافات، وذلك تعقيباً على قصّة إهلاك قوم لوط:"وَإِنَّكُمْ لَتَمُرُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ مُصْبِحِين، وَبِاللَّيْلِ أَفَلا تَعْقِلُونَ". معلوم أنّ المرور في وضح النهار أدعى إلى الاعتبار، ومعلوم أنّ المرور بالليل لا يسمح بالنظر والتأمل، فما السّر إذن في تخصيص الليل والصباح؟ اللافت للنظر هنا أنّ الآية تختم بقوله تعالى:" أَفَلا تَعْقِلُونَ" ولم تختم:" أَفَلا تُبْصِرُونَ". وهذا يعني أنّه إذا استخدم العقل أمكن أن يتوصل الناس إلى أسرار هذا الإهلاك وما فيه من آيات لأهل التفرّس الباحثين عن سمات الأشياء وخصائصها:" إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآياتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ" (الحجر: 75)
جاء في الآية 76 من سورة الحجر، عند الحديث عن مدائن قوم لوط:" وَإِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ". فهي إذن تقع في طريقٍ ثابت لم يندرس، وهو طريق مطروق يعرفه العرب في زمن الرسالة. ومعلوم أنّ أكثر الروايات التاريخية تشير إلى سدوم التي تقع في فلسطين، جنوب البحر الميت. ويبدو أنها كانت تقع في طريق القوافل المسافرة من الجزيرة العربية إلى بلاد الشام. والذي يزور تلك المنطقة يلاحظ تضاريس غريبة توحي بإمكانية حصول قلبٍ للأرض، كما جاء في القرآن الكريم:" فَجَعَلْنَا عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا..." (الحجر:74)
جاء في الآية 37 من سورة القمر في حق قوم لوط:"وَلَقَدْ رَاوَدُوهُ عَنْ ضَيْفِهِ فَطَمَسْنَا أَعْيُنَهُمْ.." إذن حصل إذهاب للأبصار، وهذا يجعلنا نفهم، بشكل أفضل، الوصية التي أوصت بها الملائكة لوطاً، عليه السلام:".. فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ بِقِطْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَلا يَلْتَفِتْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ..." (هود:81) فالالتفات قد يذهب بالبصر. أمّا زوجة لوط فسوف تلتفت:" إِلا امْرَأَتَكَ إِنَّهُ مُصِيبُهَا مَا أَصَابَهُم..." وقد كانت هذه الوصية مشددة، بحيث لا بد أن يسير لوط، عليه السلام، خلف أهل بيته حتى يطمئن إلى التزامهم: " فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ بِقِطْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَاتَّبِعْ أَدْبَارَهُمْ وَلا يَلْتَفِتْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَد.." (الحجر:65). وحتى لا يكون ذهابهم إلى الجهة غير الصحيحة جاء في تتمة الآية:" وَامْضُوا حَيْثُ تُؤْمَرُونَ"، إذ يبدو أنّ العذاب كان يتعلق بإشعاعات تذهب بالأبصار، ومن هنا لا يجوز الالتفات، ولا بد من الذهاب سريعاً، وقبل طلوع الفجر، خلف المناطق الجبلية، بحيث تصبح الجبال حاجزاً يمنع من وصول هذه الإشعاعات في حالة التفات البعض خطأ.
جاء في الآية 81 من سورة هود:" إِنَّ مَوْعِدَهُمُ الصُّبْح". فالصُّبح هو موعد نزول العذاب بقوم لوط، أمّا شروق الشمس فسيكون موعد قلب المدينة ودفنها بمن فيها:" فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ مُشْرِقِين، فَجَعَلْنَا عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا..."(الحجر:74،73) يبدو أنّ من حِكَم هذا القلب دفن وطمر تلك المواد المشعّة التي تشكل خطراً على الناس الذين يمرّون بالمنطقة. ويمكن التدليل على ذلك بقوله تعالى في الآية 38 من سورة القمر:" وَلَقَدْ صَبَّحَهُمْ بُكْرَةً عَذَابٌ مُسْتَقِرٌّ". فهو إذن عذاب له استقرار في الأرض واستمرار، بل لقد بقيت العلامات الواضحة ذات الدلالات البينة:" وَلَقَدْ تَرَكْنَا مِنْهَا آيَةً بَيِّنَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ"(العنكبوت35) فاستخدام العقل ومعطيات العلم يمكن أن يقودنا، على ضوء الآيات القرآنية الكريمة، إلى التوصل إلى تلك التفاصيل التي جاءت بها الآيات القرآنية، ليكون ذلك إعجازاً تاريخياً.
من أراد أن يبحث عن تلك المواد المشعة المدفونة، فعليه أن يستخدم أجهزة القياس بالليل، أو في الصباح قبل شروق الشمس، لأنّ الشروق قد يجعل أشعة الشمس تطغى على تلك الأشعة محتملة الوجود. وقد يلزم الحذر بالليل وعند الصباح، لأنّ فعالية ذلك الأمر المجهول كانت أصلاً في الصباح قبل طلوع الشمس:"وَلَقَدْ صَبَّحَهُمْ بُكْرَةً عَذَابٌ مُسْتَقِرٌّ". معلوم أنه في الصباح قبل طلوع الشمس تكون حدقة العين متسعة تسمح بدخول كمية أكبر من الأشعة. واللافت للنظر أنّ القرآن الكريم نصّ على أنّ قوم لوط قد أمطروا بحجارة من طين، ثم نصّ على أنّ هذه الحجارة هي من سجيل، وأنّ هذا السّجيل منضود، ثم إنّ هذه الحجارة معالجة لعقاب أمثال أولئك الذين أسرفوا في المعاصي.
ذهب الكثير من المفسرين إلى أنّ سجيل تعني الطين المتحجّر، وجعلوا ذلك من تفسير القرآن بالقرآن. والذي نراه أنّ هذا قد يكون غير صحيح، لأنّ كل آية تلقي ضوءاً على معنى جديد. ولا يبعد أن يكون الكلام هنا عن مواد صلبة ذات إشعاع مستمر مسترسل، وذات إدرارٍ لا يتوقّف؛ لأنّ من معاني السّجل في اللغة العربية الإرسال وكذلك العطاء، بل إنّ بعض أهل الاختصاص قالوا إنه مثل الشيء الرَّسِل، أو مثل العطية في الإدرار. وهذه المواد الصلبة المشعة قد تكون مغلفة بطين عند سقوطها من السماء، ثم هي مكونة وفق نظام يحقق فعاليتها بدليل قوله تعالى:"سِجِّيلٍ مَنْضُودٍ"، ثم هي معالجة لتُحقّق الأهداف:"مُسَوَّمَةً عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ".
جاء في الآية 83 من سورة الأعراف:" فَأَنْجَيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ إِلا امْرَأَتَهُ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْغَابِرِينَ". تكررت كلمة (الغابرين) في القرآن الكريم سبع مرّات، وذلك عند الحديث عن امرأة لوط، التي هلكت مع من هلك. وكلمة غَبَر هي من الأضداد؛ فهي تعني ذَهَبَ، وتعني أيضاً بَقي، وهي هنا بمعنى بَقِي. ويمكن أن يشير ذلك إلى حقيقة بقاء قوم لوط في صيغة مستحثّات في باطن الأرض. نعم إنها إشارات نرى أنها تستفز أهل الاختصاص من أصحاب العقول. وقد يحسن أن نختم بما خُتمت به قصة قوم لوط في سورة القمر:" وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْآنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ؟!".
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:: زُيّــن للنّـــاس ::
DATE: 04/20/2007 08:40:47 / MOOD: General
جاء في الآية 14 سورة آل عمران: "زُيِّن للناس حُبّ الشهواتِ من النساءِ والبنينَ والقناطير المقنْطرة من الذهبِ والفضّةِ والخيلِ المسوّمة والأنعام والحرث، ذلك متاعُ الحياةِ الدنيا، والله عندهُ حسن المآب".
الزّينُ: هو شدة الحسن، والتزيين هو جعل الشيء زيناً. والكلام في الآية الكريمة يتعلق بما فُطر عليه الإنسان من حب الأمور المذكورة، ولذلك حكمة تتعلق بالحياة الدنيا، وبضرورات إعمار الكون، بل إنّ هذا التزيين هو من أهم أسس التحضر الإنساني. وعليه بعيدٌ ما يقوله بعض أهل التفسير من أنّ المُزيِّن هو الشيطان، بل هي الفطرة التي فطر الله تعالى الناس عليها، وهذا ما نجده في كل النفوس، وإن تفاوتت في الإيمان والتقوى. ولا يُذم الإنسان في حبه وميله إلى هذه المذكورات، ولكن تأتي المذمة عندما يبالغ الإنسان في اندفاعه، فيخرج عن الطور، ويقوده ذلك إلى الاعتداء وتجاوز حدود الله تعالى.
عندما يتزيّن الإنسان بزينة ما فإنما يقصد أن يظهر بمظهر هو أحسن من واقعه. والزينة تُوجِد فرقا بين الحقيقة والواقع الجديد، وكلما اتسعت الفجوة كانت الزينة أشد. وعليه فإن الزينة في الأمور التي ذكرتها الآية الكريمة تتفاوت؛ فتزيين النساء هو أشد من تزيين البنين، وتزيين البنين أشدّ من تزيين الذهب والفضة… وهكذا. أي أنّ الآية الكريمة قد سردت المذكورات تنازلياً. وعندما نقول إنّ تزيين النساء هو الأشدّ بين المذكورات فإنما نقصد أن نقول إنّ الفارق بين واقع النساء وحقيقتهن، وبين صورتهن في عيون الرجال ونفوسهم هو فارق كبير. وعليه تكون الزينة أشدّ ما تكون في النساء إذا نظرنا إليهنّ بعيون الرجال. أما إذا نظرنا إلى المرأة بعين المرأة فإننا نكون عندها أقرب إلى الواقع، وبالتالي تكون الزينة أقل.
زينة المرأة في عين الرجل أشدّ من زينة الرجل في عين المرأة. وعليه فإنّ الفارق بين حقيقة الرجل في الواقع وصورتهِ في عين المرأة أقل من حقيقة المرأة في الواقع وصورتها في عين الرجل. هذا يعني أنّ خيبة أمل الزوجة بعد الزواج أقل من خيبة أمل الزوج، وذلك في حالة تحييد العوامل الأخرى؛ فالرجل حسّي في نظرته إلى المرأة، وعلى وجه الخصوص عندما يتعلق الأمر بالعين والإبصار. من هنا لا بد أن تعي المرأة أنها تصبح بحاجة أشدّ إلى الزينة عندما تصبح زوجة. وهذا لا يعني أنّ الرجل لا يحتاج إلى الزينة، ولكننا نقارن بين فطرتين. وقد نصت الآية الكريمة، كما نلاحظ، على تزيين النساء في نفوس الرجال، ولم تنص على تزيين الرجال في عيون النساء، لأنّ الكلام هنا عن التزيين الأشدّ.
لقد نصّت الآية الكريمة على البنين دون البنات، لأنّ التزيين الفطري في البنين أشدّ منه في البنات، أي أنّ الفارق بين واقع البنين الحقيقي وبين موقعهم في نفوس الآباء والأمهات، هو أكبر من واقع البنات الحقيقي وموقعهن في نفوس الآباء والأمهات. انظر إلى تفاني الآباء والأمهات، ثم انظر إلى موقف الأبناء من الآباء والأمهات، وعلى وجه الخصوص عند الكبر. من هنا كان لا بد من التشديد في الوصية: "...إمّا يبلغنّ عندك الكبر أحدهما أو كلاهما فلا تقل لهما أف ولا تنهرهما، وقل لهما قولا كريما، واخفض لهما جناح الذل من الرحمة وقل رب ارحمهما كما ربياني صغيرا" (الإسراء:24،23).
على الآباء والأمهات إذن أن يدركوا أنّ ذلك حقيقة من حقائق الحياة، وفطرة فطر الله الناس عليها؛ فالدافع الذي يدفع الأب والأم إلى التفاني في رعاية الولد لا توجد قوته عند الولد. هذا لا يعني أنّ الولد لا يتفانى في رعاية الوالدين، ولكنّ دوافع وقوة ذلك تختلف. بل إنّ هذا التفاني المتبادل هو من الأمور التي تميز الإنسان عن باقي الكائنات الحية؛ فأنت تجد القطة، مثلاً، تدافع بشراسة عن صغارها، ولكنّ هذا الصغير عندما يكبر لا يأبه بالأم، بل قد يعتدي عليها.
أما فيما يتعلّق بالذهب والفضة والنقود، فإن الفارق أقل بين واقعها النفعي وموقعها من نفس الإنسان؛ أي أنّ الزينة فيها أقل من زينة النساء والبنين، بمعنى أنّ حبّ الإنسان لها هو قريب إلى واقعها من حيث منفعتها وخدمتها له. وتكون الزينة أقل ما تكون في عالم النبات والزراعة؛ فدرجة حبنا وانشدادنا إلى هذا العالم قريب جدّاً إلى واقعه المنفعي
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